Set the Instant Pot to sauté mode. Add olive oil and garlic, then cook until fragrant.
Add chicken cubes and season with salt and pepper. Sear until lightly browned.
Pour in chicken broth and add uncooked pasta. Stir to combine.
Secure the lid and set to pressure cook on high for 6 minutes.
Quick release the pressure when cooking ends. Open the lid carefully.
Stir in heavy cream and Parmesan cheese until sauce is smooth and pasta is coated.
Serve warm, garnished with fresh parsley.